Speghtjgaiioh



(No Model.)

J. W. SGANLAND. WA D POE SHOTGUNS.

' No. 419,220. Patented Jan. 14, 1890.;

My, Mammy elare the followingfto'bej'a full, cleaxyand ex-P t-ion.

wads,-formed'to-effect the purpose designed,-

20. charge and the shotflh'ese wads dilfer from "each other in their construction, each Orioles- -with powderand shot, and having between .4

. about 'hal-f the diameter of the wad. When appertains to make and us'e. the same, refer.- ence beinghad to The {accompanying draw-. ings,'-and tothe letters of reference marked.-

ohn w." stamp, or SELMA, omo'.

we e a an erect: Ns

3 I 's raemea'rron ma; a; of Letters ram ant. 419,220, dated January 14, 1890.

Application filed August 9, 1889;

To. all whom it may concern/a a 'Be it known that 1,.J oHN-W. SCANLAND, a citizen of thefUnited Stages, residing at Selma, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improveinents in Wads for Shotguns; and I do deact description ofthe invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art'to which it thereon, which form-a part of this specifica- .My invention relates to,improvements; in

gun wads. i

' My invention relates to that. elassof gunwads used in shotguns; and it consists in two which are interposed between-the powderin g adapt-ed'to the relation it sustains in carrying out the object of the invention whieh .is to prevent windage, andto aid in cleaning the gun at each discharge by forcing'out the burned powder that may have accumulated in the bore. I Figure 1 represents in elevation a portion of a shotgun, part of the barrel being shown in vertical longitudinalsection and having my improved wads therein. Fig. 2 represents different 'views of the improved wads, one a modified form. Fig. 3 is an edge view of the two wads united in one, as may be used ,in fixed ammunition.

In the drawings, A represents a barrel of a shotgun B. It is shown as being charged the two latter the improved wads a b. The wad a consists of an inverted dish-shaped piece, concaved on the under side 0 next to the powder, having edge (Z, next to the barrel,

dle smaller top side a, which is fiat and turned down on the concave side 0, the wad a is in form like a low conic frustum, having parallel edges (1.

p the powder.

The wad I) entirely flat and plain on the under sideb',and is concave sisal No. 320,313. (No man.)

on the'top side'cf, as seen in the several figplaced in the bore of the gun-with its coneavesidec downward and-pushed down upon The wad b is placed in the bore with its fiat. side b downward, and when pushed downthe latter side rests firmly on,

' the top a of wadja, while the concave side c of b is upward to form a bedfor the shot, and

a plain wad placed on the'top of the latter.

' In Fig. 2a modified form ofwad a" of wad a is seen. This is spherical on thetop -side, while'its unde1"s ide'is' in all respects like that of wad a. Both wads a and a" me pand from the force of the chargeof powder.

-- In exploding the charge, the expansion of powder-gases force the inclined sides of wad .a forward into space 0, Fig. 1, having a tend- =thi1seleaning the barrel at each discharge,

the gases being retained by the wad at until their full force is acquired, thus causing greater penetration of the shot. i The wad b being'forined with a concave seat for the shot, the latter are prevented from spreading over too much space, as lines drawn perpendicular from the concave face 0 would converge to the'axial line of the bore and the'shot be forced toward said axial line and necessarily be more concentrated. The air in space e around the cone of a would be compressed therein in loading, and upon the discharge would add its expanded volume to the powder-gases, and necessarily to the forceof the wad a, and have shown this form simply as such modification, it being concave-convex in form.

1 claim as my invention' I e 1. In, wads for shotguns, two wads between the powder and shot, the lower one consisting of a frustmn-shapcd wad, con-caveon its under surface, adapted to reston the powder, and a wad resting upon said lower wad, hav-" xo inga fiat under surface abutting upon the.

fiat top" of said frustnrn-shaped wad, sub 'stantially as set forth.

2. In wads for-shotguns, lower wad, covering the powder-charge, having a concave under surface next the latter, conical or inclined sides and a flat top con centric with its edge, a Wad having a flat un-v der surface resting-upon said-lower wad and having its upper side, con caved to receive the] shot, substantially as and for; the purpose hereinbet'ore set forth.-

3; In a shotgun-charge, the comhinedI-v ra'd I Y JOHN,W. SGANLAND. conic frnstum-shaped wad, concave on the e between the powder and shot,consisting of a under side next the p0vvder, and a, wad of plano conc'ave form resting on said Iconic adapted to coversaid pow er-charge, whereby the deposit of burned powder maybe carried s out of t-he bore of the; gun, substantiallyas a. dish-shaped set forth. I

'5. In shotgun-wads, the two wads between the powder and shot, the lowerbeing concave on its under surface and having its upper surface elevated at the'center,-and the upper cave-above,- as set forth.

, .Ij1testimony vvhereof Iafiix in-presence of two witnesses;

Witnesses: J 04F. -TIN DALL,- 4'

A: V. wonronn frustum and having its plane surface next my sign at-n re Wed being fiat on its under surface and con- 

